Cystoseira crinita (Desf. Bory, 1832)

Cystoseira crinita image Synonyms: Cystoseira bosphorica (Sauv.), 1912; Cystoseira crinita (Desf.) Duby f. bosforica A.Zin.et Kalug

Common names: Rom: Cistoseira, Russ: Tsistozeira bosforskaya; Turk: Bagazici yosunu.

Order (Scientific): FUCALES.

Family (Scientific): SARGASACEAE.

Taxonomic description: The thallus is over 30-40 cm; grows in the same conditions as Cystoseira barbata. The stem is short or is stretched along the whole stem almost 2 mm high, the main branches are 5-10 cm long, 1 mm thick, branches branch out alternatively. The surface of the stem and branches is smooth. The branches are cylindrical shaped with a large number of crystostoma coming out on the surface in tuber shapes visible to the naked eye. The number of (air) bladders is small, interspersed or superficial, 1 or 2 on small branches with considerable and at a certain distance from one another; the (air) bladders are large enogh, 4-8 mm long and 3-4 mm thick, are ellipsoidal, sometimes with a lateral growth, or split such a pitchfork; the top of the last bladders are blunded. Cylindrical or spareshaded receptacles are placed on the top of the branches, often with bladders and sometimes with some small thorns on the surface, without sterile shoots on the top.

Cystoseira crinita arealIUCN Status:
    World level:
    Black Sea Regional level:
    Subregion level: EN, on the north-western and western shelves

Distribution:

Habitats type, Critical habitats, Limiting factors: Rocky bottoms on pebbly grounds in sublittoral areas. Suspended particles hindering light penetration.

Biology: Perennial, fond of light; reproduction occurs at a depth 0,5-5m . Endemic.

Population trends: Almost disappeared.

Threats: Hard frosts, hydrotechnical constructions, silting of the rocky bottom by suspended matter, lowering of light energy penetration through the water column, eutrophication.

Conservation measures taken: None.

Conservation measures proposed: Reduce eutrophication and pollution from point and non-point sources; organization of natural submarine park.

References:

  1. Bavaru A., Bologa A. S., Skolka H. V., 1991 - A checklist of the benthic marine algae (except the Diatoms) along the Romanian shore of the Black Sea. Rev. Roum. Biol. - biol.veget.,36, 1-2, 7-22.
  2. Bologa A. S., 1986 - Importanta ecologica a algoflorei bentale de la litoralul romanesc al Marii Negre. Hidrobiologia, 19, 75-82.
  3. Bologa A. S., 1987-88 - Annotated bibliography on the macrophytobenthos along the Romanian Black Sea coast (1881-1986). Cercetari marine, 20/21, 353-384.
  4. Bologa A. S., 1979 - Present state of seaweed production along the Romanian Black Sea shore. Vie Milieu, 39, 2, 105-109.
  5. Bologa A. S., Bodeanu N., Petran A., Tiganus V., Zaitsev Yu. P., 1995 - Major modifications of the Black Sea benthic and planktonic biota in the last three decades. Bull. Inst. oceanogr., Monaco, no. special 15, 85-110.
  6. Bologa A. S., Bavaru A., in press - Lista rosie a algelor macrofite bentale disparute si pe cale de extinctie, rare si insuficient cunoscute din sectorul romanesc al Marii Negre. Ocrot. nat. prot. med.
  7. Muller G. I., 1973 - On the possibility of a marine reserve being established on the Romanian coast of the Black Sea. in Atti. Conv. Int. “I parchi costieri mediterranei”, Salerno-Castellabate, 18-22 giugno, 715-730.
  8. Zinova A. D., 1967 - Opredelitel’ zelenykh, burykh i krasnykh vodoroslei iuzhnykh morei SSSR, Izd. “Nauka”, Moskva - Leningrad, 398 pp.
  9. Dentsheva K., 1996. Gradienti na eutrofikacia ustanoweni waw wrazka s promenite na structurata na macrophitobentosnite cenozi w uslowiata na antropogenna eutrofikacia. Marine sciences. Marine technologies., Varna, vol.3, 1996, p.386-392.
  10. Kalugina-Gutnik A.A., 1975. Phytobentos Tshernogo morja. M. "Naukova Dumka", Kiev, 245p.
  11. Minicheva G.G., 1993. Strukturno-funkcionalnie osobennosti formirowanij soobshtestv morskich bentosnich wodoroslej. Algologia, p.3-12.

Compiled by: A.Bologa, A.Bavaru, K.Dencheva.