Calystegia soldanella (Linnaeus) R. Brown, 1810

Calystegia soldanella imageSynonyms: Convolvulus soldanella L., 1753

Common names: Bulg: Kraymorsko chaderche, Soldanelovo chaderche; Russ: Povoy soldanelevy; Ukr: Pletukha soldanelovydna

Order: POLEMONIALES

Family: CONVOLVULACEAE

Taxonomic descriptions: It is a perennial herb with long root system and procumbent stems 15-50 cm long, naked and smooth. The leaf blades are reniform, fleshy. Flowers are on long pedicels, pentamerous. There are two ovate bracts embracing the receptacle; sepals are ovate, mucronate, equal to bracts; corolla 3,5-5,0 cm long, infundibular, pink. Fruit is a capsule.

Calystegia soldanella arealIUCN Status:
    World level: NE
    Black Sea Regional level: CR
    Subregion level: VU, EX in Ukraine

Distribution:

Habitats type, Critical habitats, Limiting factors: Sandy and shingly coasts. Critical habitats: Crimea (Sevastopol, Laspi, Foros, Nikita, Gurzuf, Novy Svet, Sudak); Bulgaria (mouth of the river Kamchiya, Nesebr, Pomorie, Burgas, Sozopol, Primorsko, Michurin, Akhtopol). Limiting factors are unknown.

Biology: Bloom - from May to July; fruitage - from June to August. Propagation both vegetative (by runners and suckers) and by seeds. The species is a psammophyte, xeromesophyte, halophyte.

Population trends: Declining in abundance.

Threats: Lack of non-modified sites along the coast that is due to developing the coast into resort zone.

Conservation measures taken: It is listed in the Red Data Book of Bulgaria and protected in the "Kamchiya" preserve (Bulgaria).

Conservation measures proposed: The species needs to be monitored throughout its range; reintroduction to the Crimea is desirable.

References:

  1. Davis P.H. 1965-1985. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vols.1-9. - Edinburgh at the University Press.
  2. Vulff, E.W., 1966. Flora Kryma. Tom 3, N2. (Flora of the Crimea. Vol.3, N2). Moscow: Kolos, 256 pp., (in Russian).
  3. Stoyanov, N., Stefanov, B., Kitanov, B. 1967. Flora na Bulgaria. Tom 2. 4 izd. (Flora of Bulgaria. Vol.2. 4th ed.). Sofia: Nauka i Izkustvo, 1325 pp., (in Bulgarian)
  4. Rubtsov, N.I. (ed.), 1972. Opredelitel' vysshikh rasteniy Kryma. (Identification Book of the Crimean Higher Plants). Leningrad: Nauka, 550 pp., (in Russian).
  5. Luks, Y.A., Privalova, L.A., and Kryukova, I.V., 1976. Katalog redkikh, ischezayushchikh i unichtozhaemykh rasteniy flory Kryma, rekomenduyemykh dlya zapovednoy okhrany. 1976. (Catalogue of Rare, Disappearing and Exterminative Crimean Flora Plants Recommended for Protection). Yalta: GNBS, 24 pp., (in Russian).
  6. Fyodorov, A.A. (Ed.), 1981. Flora yevropeiskoy chasti SSSR. Tom 5. (Flora of European Part of the USSR. Vol. 5). Leningrad: Nauka, 380 pp., (in Russian).
  7. Velchev, V. (ed.), 1984. Chervena kniga na NR Bulgaria. Tom 1. Rasteniya. (The Red Data Book of Bulgaria. Vol. 1. Plants). Sofia: Izdatelstvo na Bulgarskata Akademia na naukite, 448 pp., (in Bulgarian).
  8. Kryukova , I.V., Luks, Yu.A., Privalova, L.A., et al., 1988. Redkiye rasteniya i zhivotnyye Kryma. (Rare Plants and Animals of the Crimea). Simferopol: Tavria, 176 pp., (in Russian).
  9. Golubev, V.N., 1996. Biologicheskaya flora Kryma. (Biological Flora of the Crimea). Yalta: GNBS, 86 pp., (in Russian).
  10. Yena, A.V., 1997. Nekotoryye itogi izucheniya pribrezhnoy flory Kryma. (Some results of the investigation of the Crimean coastal flora). In: Proc. of the Crimean Agricultural State University, Simferopol: Tavriya, p. 200-204, (in Russian).

Compiled by: A.Yena, M.Filipova.